1. Introduction:
This extract delves into J.L. Mackie's argument against the existence of God, focusing on the problem of evil and the concept of omnipotence.
2. The Problem of Evil:
Mackie presents the problem of evil as a logical challenge to the existence of a benevolent and omnipotent God.
He argues that the existence of evil, suffering, and pain in the world is incompatible with the traditional attributes of God, particularly his benevolence.
Mackie distinguishes between moral evil (caused by human actions) and natural evil (resulting from natural disasters or diseases), both of which pose challenges to the notion of a perfectly good and all-powerful deity.
He contends that the presence of evil either calls into question God's benevolence, his omnipotence, or both, leading to a logical inconsistency known as the "inconsistent triad."
3. The Inconsistent Triad:
Mackie formulates the inconsistent triad as follows:
God is omnipotent (all-powerful).
God is omnibenevolent (wholly good).
Evil exists.
He argues that these three propositions cannot coexist without leading to logical contradictions.
Mackie suggests that theists might respond by denying one of these propositions, such as limiting God's power or redefining evil, but such responses have their own philosophical implications and challenges.
4. Evaluation:
Mackie's argument poses a significant challenge to traditional theistic beliefs by highlighting the logical difficulties in reconciling the existence of evil with the attributes of God.
Students should critically engage with Mackie's reasoning, considering potential responses from theists and evaluating the strengths and weaknesses of his argument.
This extract provides valuable insights into the philosophical discussions surrounding the problem of evil and its implications for religious belief, encouraging students to explore complex theological and ethical issues.